Extended Chords: Adding Color and Sophistication to Harmony

Summary:

Extended chords enrich basic triads by adding intervals beyond the seventh, including ninths, elevenths, and thirteenths. This comprehensive guide explores the construction, voicing, and application of extended chords across various musical styles.

Basic Concepts:

Definition and Structure

Extended chords are built by adding thirds above the seventh chord. The main extensions are:

• 9th: Adds the ninth (one octave plus a second above the root)
• 11th: Adds the eleventh (one octave plus a fourth)
• 13th: Adds the thirteenth (one octave plus a sixth)

Example: Basic Extended Chord Types

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Common Variations:

• Add9: Adds ninth without the seventh
• Add11: Adds eleventh without seventh and ninth
• Dominant Extensions: 9, 11, or 13 with dominant seventh
• Minor Extensions: Minor quality with extensions

Example: Common Voicings

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Practical Applications:

Common uses of extended chords include:

• Jazz harmony and improvisation
• Contemporary pop and R&B voicings
• Modern classical composition
• Film scoring and orchestration